1. What is parallel processing?
A) Executing multiple processes simultaneously
B) Executing processes one after another
C) Running multiple threads in a single process
D) None of the above
A) Executing multiple processes simultaneously
B) Executing processes one after another
C) Running multiple threads in a single process
D) None of the above
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Answer: A
2. Which of the following is a benefit of parallel operating systems?
A) Increased throughput
B) Reduced latency
C) Improved resource utilization
D) All of the above
A) Increased throughput
B) Reduced latency
C) Improved resource utilization
D) All of the above
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Answer: D
3. In a parallel system, what is a "thread"?
A) A lightweight process
B) A heavy process
C) A type of operating system
D) None of the above
A) A lightweight process
B) A heavy process
C) A type of operating system
D) None of the above
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Answer: A
4. Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of parallel operating systems?
A) Concurrency
B) Resource sharing
C) Sequential execution
D) Scalability
A) Concurrency
B) Resource sharing
C) Sequential execution
D) Scalability
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Answer: C
5. What type of parallelism allows multiple processes to run simultaneously on multiple CPUs?
A) Data parallelism
B) Task parallelism
C) Bit-level parallelism
D) None of the above
A) Data parallelism
B) Task parallelism
C) Bit-level parallelism
D) None of the above
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Answer: B
6. What is the main challenge of parallel processing?
A) Low resource utilization
B) Process synchronization
C) Increased latency
D) None of the above
A) Low resource utilization
B) Process synchronization
C) Increased latency
D) None of the above
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Answer: B
7. Which of the following algorithms is commonly used for load balancing in parallel systems?
A) First-Come, First-Served
B) Round Robin
C) Least Connections
D) None of the above
A) First-Come, First-Served
B) Round Robin
C) Least Connections
D) None of the above
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Answer: C
8. What is Amdahl's Law used to determine?
A) The maximum improvement of a system based on parallelization
B) The speed of a single-core processor
C) The cost of parallel processing
D) None of the above
A) The maximum improvement of a system based on parallelization
B) The speed of a single-core processor
C) The cost of parallel processing
D) None of the above
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Answer: A
9. Which type of parallelism involves performing the same operation on multiple data points simultaneously?
A) Task parallelism
B) Data parallelism
C) Control parallelism
D) None of the above
A) Task parallelism
B) Data parallelism
C) Control parallelism
D) None of the above
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Answer: B
10. What is the role of the parallel operating system scheduler?
A) To allocate memory to processes
B) To manage process execution on multiple CPUs
C) To handle input/output operations
D) None of the above
A) To allocate memory to processes
B) To manage process execution on multiple CPUs
C) To handle input/output operations
D) None of the above
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Answer: B
11. What does "inter-process communication" (IPC) refer to?
A) Communication between different applications
B) Communication between threads in a single process
C) Communication between processes
D) None of the above
A) Communication between different applications
B) Communication between threads in a single process
C) Communication between processes
D) None of the above
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Answer: C
12. In a parallel operating system, what is "scalability"?
A) Ability to increase workload without increasing resources
B) Ability to handle more users
C) Ability to add more processors effectively
D) None of the above
A) Ability to increase workload without increasing resources
B) Ability to handle more users
C) Ability to add more processors effectively
D) None of the above
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Answer: C
13. Which of the following is a common model for parallel processing?
A) Client-server model
B) Peer-to-peer model
C) Master-slave model
D) None of the above
A) Client-server model
B) Peer-to-peer model
C) Master-slave model
D) None of the above
Show Answer
Answer: C
14. Which of the following is NOT a parallel programming model?
A) Shared memory model
B) Distributed memory model
C) Sequential model
D) None of the above
A) Shared memory model
B) Distributed memory model
C) Sequential model
D) None of the above
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Answer: C
15. What does "synchronization" mean in the context of parallel processing?
A) Executing tasks in sequence
B) Ensuring multiple processes operate at the same time
C) Controlling access to shared resources
D) None of the above
A) Executing tasks in sequence
B) Ensuring multiple processes operate at the same time
C) Controlling access to shared resources
D) None of the above
Show Answer
Answer: C
16. What is the purpose of a barrier in parallel computing?
A) To allocate memory to processes
B) To synchronize multiple processes
C) To balance the load among processors
D) None of the above
A) To allocate memory to processes
B) To synchronize multiple processes
C) To balance the load among processors
D) None of the above
Show Answer
Answer: B
17. Which is a common programming language for parallel computing?
A) Python
B) Java
C) C++
D) All of the above
A) Python
B) Java
C) C++
D) All of the above
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Answer: D
18. What is "false sharing" in parallel computing?
A) Sharing resources between unrelated processes
B) Processes sharing memory that are not communicating
C) Processes waiting for each other indefinitely
D) None of the above
A) Sharing resources between unrelated processes
B) Processes sharing memory that are not communicating
C) Processes waiting for each other indefinitely
D) None of the above
Show Answer
Answer: B
19. Which of the following is a hardware component essential for parallel processing?
A) Single-core CPU
B) Multi-core CPU
C) Hard drive
D) None of the above
A) Single-core CPU
B) Multi-core CPU
C) Hard drive
D) None of the above
Show Answer
Answer: B
20. What is a "fork" in parallel programming?
A) Creating a new process from an existing process
B) Combining multiple processes into one
C) Terminating a process
D) None of the above
A) Creating a new process from an existing process
B) Combining multiple processes into one
C) Terminating a process
D) None of the above
Show Answer
Answer: A
21. What is "load balancing"?
A) Distributing tasks evenly across multiple processors
B) Assigning the same workload to all processors
C) Reducing the workload on a single processor
D) None of the above
A) Distributing tasks evenly across multiple processors
B) Assigning the same workload to all processors
C) Reducing the workload on a single processor
D) None of the above
Show Answer
Answer: A
22. In parallel systems, what does "latency" refer to?
A) The time taken to execute a task
B) The delay before a transfer of data begins
C) The total processing time
D) None of the above
A) The time taken to execute a task
B) The delay before a transfer of data begins
C) The total processing time
D) None of the above
Show Answer
Answer: B
23. What is the significance of "memory consistency" in parallel systems?
A) Ensuring memory is error-free
B) Maintaining the same data across multiple processors
C) Allowing memory to be used by any process
D) None of the above
A) Ensuring memory is error-free
B) Maintaining the same data across multiple processors
C) Allowing memory to be used by any process
D) None of the above
Show Answer
Answer: B
24. What type of system allows for dynamic addition of processors?
A) Static system
B) Dynamic system
C) Distributed system
D) None of the above
A) Static system
B) Dynamic system
C) Distributed system
D) None of the above
Show Answer
Answer: B
25. In a parallel operating system, what is "granularity"?
A) The size of tasks processed in parallel
B) The total number of processes
C) The speed of execution
D) None of the above
A) The size of tasks processed in parallel
B) The total number of processes
C) The speed of execution
D) None of the above
Show Answer
Answer: A
26. Which model is most associated with distributed parallel processing?
A) Client-server model
B) Master-slave model
C) Peer-to-peer model
D) None of the above
A) Client-server model
B) Master-slave model
C) Peer-to-peer model
D) None of the above
Show Answer
Answer: B
27. What is a "critical section"?
A) A section of code that accesses shared resources
B) A section of memory
C) A high-priority process
D) None of the above
A) A section of code that accesses shared resources
B) A section of memory
C) A high-priority process
D) None of the above
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Answer: A
28. In parallel systems, which technique is used to avoid race conditions?
A) Mutexes
B) Semaphores
C) Both A and B
D) None of the above
A) Mutexes
B) Semaphores
C) Both A and B
D) None of the above
Show Answer
Answer: C
29. What does "pipeline parallelism" involve?
A) Processing multiple instructions in a sequence
B) Splitting tasks into smaller, dependent tasks
C) Running tasks in parallel without dependencies
D) None of the above
A) Processing multiple instructions in a sequence
B) Splitting tasks into smaller, dependent tasks
C) Running tasks in parallel without dependencies
D) None of the above
Show Answer
Answer: A
30. What is a common issue in parallel computing?
A) Bottlenecks due to contention for shared resources
B) High latency
C) Inefficient load balancing
D) All of the above
A) Bottlenecks due to contention for shared resources
B) High latency
C) Inefficient load balancing
D) All of the above
Show Answer
Answer: D
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